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Title : Deep fakes images of Earth could be used to trick military analysts, experts say
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Deep fakes images of Earth could be used to trick military analysts, experts say

Experts warn deep fakes images of Earth could be used to trick military analysts into seeing objects that aren't really there

• New variant of 'deep fakes' could let people doctor satellite images of the Earth
• Military experts say this worrisome activity is already being carried out in China
• Could see people using doctored images to trick AI into thinking photos are real 

By Annie Palmer For Dailymail.com

Published: 22:21 BST, 3 April 2019 | Updated: 22:35 BST, 3 April 2019

The future of 'deep fake' technology could be much worse than doctored videos of celebrities and politicians.

U.S. military experts are raising concerns about a new variant of deep fakes, or videos that use AI to make subjects appear to say or do something they really didn't, that could involve doctored satellite images of the Earth, according to Defense One. 

It comes as social media giants, researchers and other experts have been working to outsmart deep fake videos.

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U.S. military experts are raising concerns about a new variant of deep fakes, or videos that use AI to manipulate its subjects, that could involve doctored satellite images of the Earth

WHAT IS A DEEPFAKE VIDEO? 

Deepfakes are so named because they utilize deep learning, a form of artificial intelligence. 

They are made by feeding a computer an algorithm, or set of instructions, lots of images and audio of a certain person. 

The computer program learns how to mimic the person's facial expressions, mannerisms, voice and inflections. 

If you have enough video and audio of someone, you can combine a fake video of the person with a fake audio and get them to say anything you want.

 

In China, people are already using a kind of machine learning to fool computers into seeing objects in landscapes or satellite images that aren't actually there, Defense One reported. 

At scale, it could be used to confuse military analysts into making decisions based off of these fake images. 

'From a tactical perspective or mission planning, you train your forces to go to a certain route, toward a bridge, but it's not there,' Todd Myers, automation lead for the CIO-Technology Directorate at the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, a division of the Department of Defense, told Defense One.

'Then there's a big surprise waiting for you,' he added. 

This AI is able to create doctored images via generative adversarial networks (GANs).

GANs are able to learn from large sets of data to look for patterns and produce new data. 

They operate by pitting two neural networks against one another, with one neural network working to discern what's in the image. 

The other network, which has been trained on large amounts of data, then checks the other network's decisions to make sure they're correct. 

Many experts have begun relying on GANs to detect objects and discern which images are real and which are not, Defense One said.

For example, Chinese scholars once used GANs to identify roads, bridges and other featured in satellite photos. 

The fear is that open-source images relied upon by experts and the general public could be doctored to make objects appear to be where they aren't in real life. 

This image made from video of a fake video featuring former President Barack Obama shows elements of facial mapping used in new technology that lets anyone make videos of real people appearing to say things they've never said

'Forget about the [Department of Defense] and the [intelligence community],' Myers told Defense One. 

'Imagine Google Maps being infiltrated with that, purposefully? And imagine five years from now when the Tesla self-driving Semis are out there routing stuff?' 

While GANs with doctored information can be proved wrong, it takes a lot of manpower and investment to do so.

'We are in an existential battle for truth in the digital domain,' Andrew Hallman, deputy director of CIA for digital innovation, told Defense One.

'That’s, again, where the help of the private sector is important and these data providers. Because that’s frankly the digital conflict we’re in, in that battle space.'  

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