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The first cave artists were autistic

Ice Age cave artists were AUTISTIC: Explosion in art 30,000 years ago was 'driven by ability to focus on detail'

•  Researchers say the ability to focus on detail allowed realism to flourish
•  Drove the extremely accurate depictions of bears, bison, horses and lions decorate the walls of Ice Age archaeological sites such as Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave in southern France

By Mark Prigg For Dailymail.com

Published: 18:15 BST, 14 May 2018 | Updated: 01:58 BST, 15 May 2018

An explosion in Ice Age art around 30,000 years ago was driven by autism, a new paper has claimed.

Researchers say the ability to focus on detail, a common trait among people with autism, allowed realism to flourish.

They say it drove the extremely accurate depictions of bears, bison, horses and lions decorate the walls of Ice Age archaeological sites such as Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave in southern France.

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A replica of prehistoric rock paintings of woolly rhinoceros and aurochs, found in the Chauvet Cave. York researchers say the ability to focus on detail, a common trait among people with autism, allowed realism to flourish in the era

THE PREHISTORIC PAINTINGS OF THE CHAUVET-PONT D'ARC 

 The prehistoric paintings of the Chauvet-Pont d'Arc cave are the earliest in the world, revealing a snapshot life recorded by our ancient ancestors.

Now experts have come up with a timeline for the remarkable site in the Ardèche, southern France, to reveal when it was occupied, and deserted, by humans and ancient beasts.

They said people first lived in the cave between 37,000 and 33,500 years ago, a period when ferocious cave bears also frequented the site - and both species were driven away by rock falls.

 

'Detail focus is what determines whether you can draw realistically; you need it in order to be a talented realistic artist,' said Lead author of the paper, Dr Penny Spikins from the Department of Archaeology at the University of York.

'This trait is found very commonly in people with autism and rarely occurs in people without it.

'We looked at the evidence from studies attempting to identify a link between artistic talent and drug use, and found that drugs can only serve to dis-inhibit individuals with a pre-existing ability. 

'The idea that people with a high degree of detail focus, many of which may have had autism, set a trend for extreme realism in ice age art is a more convincing explanation.'

Archaeologists have been unsure why outr ice age ancestors suddenly began creating realistic art comapred to the simplistic drawings seen before.

Some even argue that psychotropic drugs were behind the detailed illustrations.

The popular idea that drugs might make people better at art led to a number of ethically-dubious studies in the 60s where participants were given art materials and LSD.

The authors of the new study discount that theory, arguing instead that individuals with 'detail focus', a trait linked to autism, kicked off an artistic movement that led to the proliferation of realistic cave drawings across Europe.  

The researchers say their study adds to a growing body of evidence that people with autistic traits played an important role in human evolution.

'Individuals with this trait - both those who would be diagnosed with autism in the modern day and those that wouldn't - likely played an important part in human evolution and survival as we colonised Europe,' Dr Spikins added

'As well as contributing to early culture, people with the attention to detail needed to paint realistic art would also have had the focus to create complex tools from materials such as bone, rock and wood. 

'These skills became increasingly important in enabling us to adapt to the harsh environments we encountered in Europe.'

THE MYSTERY OF THE MAN-MADE CAVERNE DU PONT-D'ARC

With the help of cutting-edge technology, the beautiful drawings of prehistoric beasts on the rough limestone walls of the Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave have been reproduced to create the biggest replica cave in the world.

The man-made cavern named the Caverne du Pont-d'Arc has been built a few miles from the original site in Vallon-Pont-D'arc in Southern France and contains 1,000 painstakingly-reproduced drawings as well as around 450 bones and other features.

The original and unique 'Grotte Chauvet' was discovered around 20 years ago and is a Unesco World Heritage Site.

With the help of cutting-edge technology, the beautiful drawings of prehistoric beasts on the rough limestone walls of the Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave have been reproduced to create the biggest replica cave in the world (part of which is pictured above)

It is the oldest known and the best preserved cave decorated by man, but is not open to the public and is only seen by a handful of experts every year, in order to keep the precious works of art safe.

To create a replica available to more researchers and the public, experts have scanned the original drawings using 3D modelling techniques to capture each marking and position them correctly on the bumpy replica walls to the millimetres.

'The most remarkable paintings, engravings, palaeontological and essential geological representations are reproduced full-scale from the scanned originals,' promotional material says.

'The objective is to reproduce the emotions originally aroused by the cave and to reveal its hidden world.'

The man-made cavern named the Caverne du Pont-d'Arc has been built a few miles from the original site in Vallon-Pont-D'arc in Southern France and contains 1,000 painstakingly-reproduced drawings as well as around 450 bones and other features (recreated handprints are shown above)

The drawings include images of 14 different species such as cave bears, woolly rhinoceros, mammoths and big cats, some of which are the only representations in Palaeolithic cave art.

Unique representations include a panther, owl and even part of the female body, making the original site an invaluable research subject for scientists around the world.

The new cave also includes replica paw prints of bears, bones and details preserved in the original cave.

But while the real cave is 91,490 square feet (8,500 metres) the replica is 32,290 square feet (3,000 square metres) in area and visitors to the attraction will be able to take in the artwork while standing on a raised walkway.

To create a replica available to more reserachers and the public, experts scanned the original drawings using 3D modelling techniques to capture each marking and position them correctly on the bumpy replica walls to the millimetres

But while the real cave is 91,490 square feet (8,500 metres) the replica is 32,290 square feet (3,000 square metres) in area and visitors to the attraction will be able to take in the artwork while standing on a raised walkway (shown above)

 

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